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| c. 1720 BC |
| | | The Code of Hammurabi gives a detailed picture of Babylonian law and society | |
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| c. 1400 BC |
| | | Wine features prominently in the Mycenaean society of this time, as remembered and depicted in Homer | |
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| c. 750 BC |
| | | The inhabitants of Sparta organize their society on military lines and consider themselves the descendants of the Dorians | |
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| 1540 |
| | | Pope Paul III establishes Ignatius Loyola and his followers as the Society of Jesus, or the Jesuits | |
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| c. 1655 |
| | | George Fox begins preaching in England, in a movement which develops into the Society of Friends - or Quakers | |
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| 1662 |
| | | An academy of English scientists is given a royal charter by Charles II and becomes the Royal Society | |
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| 1665 |
| | | The first recorded attempt at blood transfusion, at the Royal Society in London, proves that the idea is feasible | |
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| 1743 |
| | | Benjamin Franklin drafts in Philadelphia the founding document for the American Philosophical Society | |
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| 1768 |
| | | A Society of Gentlemen in Scotland begins publication of the immensely successful Encyclopaedia Britannica | |
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| 1785 |
| | | James Hutton describes to the Royal Society of Edinburgh his studies of local rocks , launching the era of scientific geology | |
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